BP

BP plc

DOUBTFUL — DATA INCOMPLETEstock

Is BP Halal?

Oil, gas and power operations have permissible commodity aspects, but environmental stewardship and mixed energy activities make the qualitative result doubtful despite passing known financial ratios.

What You Should Know

BP's December 31, 2025 Form 20-F reports $278,526 million of assets, $57,958 million of borrowings, $36,556 million of cash, $1,015 million of other financial assets, $26,567 million of financial receivables and $189,335 million of operating revenue. Debt/assets is 20.81%, liquidity/assets is 13.49% and receivables-plus-cash/assets is 22.66%; the examined asset-based ratios pass. Revenue from interest was $1,203 million, or 0.64% of operating revenue, while environmental, spill and portfolio-mix concerns remain qualitative.

⚠️ Concerns

  • Fossil-fuel extraction, refining and climate impacts
  • Gulf of America oil-spill liabilities and remediation
  • Trading, power and low-carbon portfolio mix
  • Interest revenue and purification remain school-dependent
  • No universal prohibited-revenue numerator is disclosed

Current quantitative Sharia screen

Based on 20-F figures for the period ended 2025-12-31; calculated 2026-07-15.

USD · millions
Interest-bearing debt / assets
20.81%Within limit
Below 33.333% under FTSE Yasaar

57,958 / 278,526

Cash + interest-bearing securities / assets
13.49%Within limit
Below 33.333% under FTSE Yasaar

37,571 / 278,526

Receivables + cash / assets
22.66%Within limit
Below 50% under FTSE Yasaar

63,123 / 278,526

Non-compliant income / revenue
0.64%Within limit
No more than 5% under FTSE Yasaar

1,203 / 189,335

FTSE Yasaar
v4.6, February 2026
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

Debt/assets is 20.81%, liquidity/assets is 13.49%, receivables-plus-cash/assets is 22.66% and interest revenue is 0.64% of operating revenue; activity remains incomplete.

MSCI Islamic (total-assets series)
October 2024 methodology
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

Debt/assets, liquidity/assets and receivables-plus-cash/assets are below the examined MSCI limits; activity remains qualitative.

Malaysia SAC financial ratios
single 5% activity benchmark adopted November 2025
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

Debt/assets and liquidity/assets are below the examined Malaysia limits; this is not an official classification.

Market-cap denominator methods
MSCI M-Series, S&P and Dow Jones methods differ
Financial
Not calculated
Overall
Incomplete

A licensed and reproducible historical market-cap series is not stored; filing-based asset ratios are documented.

Business-activity disclosure

BP explores, produces, refines and markets energy products. The filing does not allocate a complete universal prohibited-revenue numerator across fuels, trading, power and other activities.

Limitation: No complete prohibited-activity revenue numerator is separately disclosed for the full group and all end uses.

Purification

Revenue from interest is disclosed, but no scholar-approved purification percentage or complete prohibited-revenue numerator is asserted.

Inputs, assumptions and primary sources
  • Amounts are USD millions from BP's December 31, 2025 Form 20-F.
  • Borrowings of $57,958 million are used; lease liabilities are excluded because the filing presents them separately.
  • Other current and non-current financial assets of $158 million and $857 million are included as a conservative securities proxy; derivatives and non-financial assets are not separately inferred.
  • Financial receivables use current financial receivables of $24,806 million plus non-current financial receivables of $1,761 million.
  • Sales and other operating revenues are $189,335 million and revenue from interest is $1,203 million.
  • Oil, gas and power operations are generally permissible as physical commodities under many screens, but environmental stewardship, spill liabilities and portfolio mix require qualitative review.

This is a reproducible financial screen, not a fatwa. A failed total-assets screen can coexist with a pass under a market-cap methodology. ZakatInvest keeps the qualitative assessment separate so numerical thresholds do not erase material context.

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