HOOD

Robinhood Markets Inc.

DOUBTFUL — SCREEN DOES NOT PASSstock

Is HOOD Halal?

Fails the business-activity screen under the conservative review: brokerage, margin, options, crypto, futures, and prediction-market products are core activities; net interest revenue was 33.65% of quarterly revenue.

What You Should Know

Robinhood's March 31, 2026 Form 10-Q reports $45,474 million of assets, $703 million of outstanding Credit Card Funding Trust borrowing, $5,012 million of cash, $4,467 million of identifiable Treasury and money-market securities, $18,599 million of brokerage and user receivables, and $1,067 million of quarterly revenue. Net interest revenue was $359 million. The existing DOUBTFUL qualitative assessment is retained, while the conservative activity screen fails because the platform combines interest-bearing margin and cash products with options, futures, crypto, securities lending, and prediction-market activity.

⚠️ Concerns

  • Margin lending and credit-card financing involve riba
  • Net interest revenue was $359 million, or 33.65% of quarterly revenue
  • Options, futures, crypto, and prediction-market products require contract-level review
  • Payment for order flow, cash sweep, securities lending, and user-held assets require continuing Sharia review

Current quantitative Sharia screen

Based on 10-Q figures for the period ended 2026-03-31; calculated 2026-07-14.

USD · millions
Interest-bearing debt / assets
1.55%Within limit
Below 33.333% under FTSE Yasaar

703 / 45,474

Cash + interest-bearing securities / assets
20.84%Within limit
Below 33.333% under FTSE Yasaar

9,479 / 45,474

Receivables + cash / assets
51.92%Above limit
Below 50% under FTSE Yasaar

23,611 / 45,474

Non-compliant income / revenue
33.65%Above limit
No more than 5% under FTSE Yasaar

359 / 1,067

FTSE Yasaar
v4.6, February 2026
Financial
Fails
Overall
Fails

Debt/assets is 1.55% and liquidity/assets is 20.84%, but receivables plus cash/assets is 51.92% and net interest revenue is 33.65% of revenue; the core platform activity also fails.

MSCI Islamic (total-assets series)
October 2024 methodology
Financial
Fails
Overall
Fails

Receivables plus cash/assets is above the examined total-assets limit; the direct brokerage, margin, and derivatives activity fails independently.

Malaysia SAC financial ratios
single 5% activity benchmark adopted November 2025
Financial
Pass
Overall
Fails

Debt/assets and liquidity/assets are below the examined 33% limits, but the direct trading and interest-bearing platform activity fails; this is not an official SAC classification.

Market-cap denominator methods
MSCI M-Series, S&P and Dow Jones methods differ
Financial
Not calculated
Overall
Fails

Market-cap methods are not calculated; the direct platform activity independently prevents a pass.

Business-activity disclosure

Robinhood operates a retail brokerage and financial-services platform spanning securities, options, futures, crypto, prediction markets, margin, securities lending, cash sweep, and credit-card products. The direct activity mix requires a conservative failure under this screen.

Limitation: The filing provides direct evidence of the platform's financial products; no permissible carve-out is assumed for the editorial, subscription, or education components.

Purification

Net interest revenue of $359 million is disclosed, but purification cannot cure a direct core-business failure.

Inputs, assumptions and primary sources
  • Amounts are USD millions from Robinhood's March 31, 2026 Form 10-Q and rounded to the nearest million.
  • Interest-bearing debt is the $703 million outstanding principal and interest of the consolidated Credit Card Funding Trust; Robinhood reports no borrowings outstanding under its revolving credit facilities at quarter-end.
  • Cash is $5,012 million. Identifiable interest-bearing securities are $4,467 million of Treasury securities, foreign Treasury securities, deposits with clearing organizations, and money-market funds; user-held fractional shares are excluded.
  • Accounts receivable includes receivables from brokers and clearing organizations of $484 million plus receivables from users of $18,115 million; securities borrowed is excluded from this narrower receivable input.
  • Quarterly revenue is $1,067 million and net interest revenue is $359 million. Total revenue is used as a conservative prohibited-revenue proxy because trading, margin, crypto, futures, and prediction-market products are core platform activities.

This is a reproducible financial screen, not a fatwa. A failed total-assets screen can coexist with a pass under a market-cap methodology. ZakatInvest keeps the qualitative assessment separate so numerical thresholds do not erase material context.

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