RIO

Rio Tinto Group

DOUBTFUL — DATA INCOMPLETEstock

Is RIO Halal?

Mining and industrial materials can be permissible, but environmental, indigenous-rights and end-use concerns remain material despite passing known financial ratios.

What You Should Know

Rio Tinto's December 31, 2025 Form 20-F reports $128,102 million of assets, $21,924 million of borrowings, $8,872 million of cash, $6,837 million of receivables and $57,638 million of revenue. Debt/assets is 17.11%, liquidity/assets is 6.93%, receivables-plus-cash/assets is 12.26% and finance income is 0.81% of revenue; known asset-based ratios pass. Environmental impacts, indigenous-land disputes, commodity mix and customer end uses remain qualitative.

⚠️ Concerns

  • Environmental and indigenous-land impacts require continuing ethical review
  • Commodity and customer end-use mix is broad
  • Finance income is 0.81% of annual revenue on a conservative upper-bound basis
  • No universal prohibited-revenue numerator is disclosed

Current quantitative Sharia screen

Based on 20-F figures for the period ended 2025-12-31; calculated 2026-07-15.

USD · millions
Interest-bearing debt / assets
17.11%Within limit
Below 33.333% under FTSE Yasaar

21,924 / 128,102

Cash + interest-bearing securities / assets
6.93%Within limit
Below 33.333% under FTSE Yasaar

8,872 / 128,102

Receivables + cash / assets
12.26%Within limit
Below 50% under FTSE Yasaar

15,709 / 128,102

Non-compliant income / revenue (upper bound)
0.81%Within limit
No more than 5% under FTSE Yasaar

465 / 57,638

FTSE Yasaar
v4.6, February 2026
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

Debt/assets is 17.11%, liquidity/assets is 6.93%, receivables-plus-cash/assets is 12.26% and finance income is 0.81% of revenue; activity remains incomplete.

MSCI Islamic (total-assets series)
October 2024 methodology
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

Known debt, liquidity and receivables-plus-cash ratios are below the examined MSCI limits; activity remains qualitative.

Malaysia SAC financial ratios
single 5% activity benchmark adopted November 2025
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

Known debt and liquidity ratios are below the examined Malaysia limits; this is not an official SAC classification.

Market-cap denominator methods
MSCI M-Series, S&P and Dow Jones methods differ
Financial
Not calculated
Overall
Incomplete

A licensed and reproducible historical market-cap series is not stored.

Business-activity disclosure

Rio Tinto mines and processes iron ore, copper, aluminium and other minerals. Mining and industrial materials can be permissible under some approaches, while environmental impacts, indigenous-rights disputes, coal exposure and end uses require qualitative review.

Limitation: The Form 20-F does not provide a universal prohibited-revenue numerator by end use, contract or environmental classification.

Purification

Finance income is disclosed, but no scholar-approved purification percentage or complete prohibited-revenue numerator is asserted.

Inputs, assumptions and primary sources
  • Amounts are USD millions from Rio Tinto's December 31, 2025 Form 20-F.
  • Borrowings are DKK 21,924 million as presented in the consolidated financial statements; lease liabilities are not added unless separately identified as borrowings.
  • Cash and other investments are tracked conservatively as cash of $8,872 million; no separate unrestricted interest-bearing securities balance is added.
  • Trade and other receivables are $6,837 million and annual revenue is $57,638 million.
  • Finance income of $465 million is used as a conservative upper-bound income numerator.

This is a reproducible financial screen, not a fatwa. A failed total-assets screen can coexist with a pass under a market-cap methodology. ZakatInvest keeps the qualitative assessment separate so numerical thresholds do not erase material context.

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