SAU

Saudi Aramco

DOUBTFUL — METHODS DIFFERstock

Is SAU Halal?

Saudi Aramco's current filing-based asset ratios pass, but hydrocarbon, financing and downstream activity require methodology-dependent qualitative review.

What You Should Know

Saudi Aramco's audited December 31, 2025 statements report SAR 2,551,964 million of assets, SAR 363,617 million of total borrowings, SAR 243,099 million of cash, SAR 84,067 million of securities and short-term investments, SAR 228,598 million of receivables and SAR 1,559,342 million of revenue. Debt/assets is 14.24%, liquidity/assets is 12.82%, receivables-plus-cash/assets is 18.49% and the finance/other-income proxy is 0.99%. Oil, gas, chemicals, emissions, derivatives and downstream end uses remain qualitative.

⚠️ Concerns

  • Hydrocarbon extraction, emissions and climate-transition impacts
  • Refining, petrochemical and downstream product end uses
  • Conventional borrowings, derivatives and joint ventures
  • No universal prohibited-revenue numerator is disclosed
  • SAU is a preserved Saudi-listed alias; the URL is unchanged

Current quantitative Sharia screen

Based on Annual Report figures for the period ended 2025-12-31; calculated 2026-07-15.

SAR · millions
Interest-bearing debt / assets
14.25%Within limit
Below 33.333% under FTSE Yasaar

363,617 / 2,551,964

Cash + interest-bearing securities / assets
12.82%Within limit
Below 33.333% under FTSE Yasaar

327,166 / 2,551,964

Receivables + cash / assets
18.48%Within limit
Below 50% under FTSE Yasaar

471,697 / 2,551,964

Non-compliant income / revenue (upper bound)
0.99%Within limit
No more than 5% under FTSE Yasaar

15,504 / 1,559,342

FTSE Yasaar
v4.6, February 2026
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

Debt is 14.24%, liquidity is 12.82%, receivables plus cash are 18.49% and the finance/other-income proxy is approximately 0.99%; business allocation remains incomplete.

MSCI Islamic (total-assets series)
October 2024 methodology
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

The examined total-assets ratios pass; this is not an index-membership claim and the activity screen remains incomplete.

Malaysia SAC financial ratios
single 5% activity benchmark adopted November 2025
Financial
Pass
Overall
Incomplete

Debt and liquidity are below the examined Malaysia limits; this is an illustrative calculation, not an official SAC classification.

Market-cap denominator methods
MSCI M-Series, S&P and Dow Jones methods differ
Financial
Not calculated
Overall
Incomplete

A licensed historical market-cap series is not stored; filing-based ratios remain documented.

Business-activity disclosure

Saudi Aramco's core oil, gas, refining and chemicals activities are generally permissible under many approaches, while derivatives, financing, petrochemicals, environmental stewardship and downstream end uses require continuing review.

Limitation: The annual report does not classify every product, customer, downstream use and finance-related activity under one school-neutral prohibited-revenue test.

Purification

Finance and other income is a mixed disclosed line; no fixed purification percentage is inferred without a scholar-selected treatment.

Inputs, assumptions and primary sources
  • Amounts are SAR millions from Saudi Aramco's audited 2025 consolidated statements.
  • Total borrowings are SAR 363,617 million; cash is SAR 243,099 million; securities and short-term investments total SAR 84,067 million; trade, government and other receivables total SAR 228,598 million.
  • Finance and other income of SAR 15,504 million is used as a conservative upper-bound proxy against revenue of SAR 1,559,342 million; it includes mixed finance, dividend and other items and is not a purification prescription.
  • Oil, gas, chemicals and energy-transition activities are retained in qualitative analysis; no universal prohibited-revenue numerator is inferred.

This is a reproducible financial screen, not a fatwa. A failed total-assets screen can coexist with a pass under a market-cap methodology. ZakatInvest keeps the qualitative assessment separate so numerical thresholds do not erase material context.

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